Tugas 2 (kalimat aktif & pasif)

Kalimat Pasif dan Kalimat Aktif

* kalimat aktif
   subject melakukan pekerjaan, atau melakukan suatu perbuatan. Dengan ciri khas bahwa kata kerja yang digunakan berawalan “me-“. 

* kalimat pasif
   subject dalam kalimat tersebut tidak melakukan pekerjaan/perbuatan, melainkan dikenai pekerjaan/perbuatan. Dengan ciri khas bahwa kata kerja yang digunakan dalam kalimat tersebut berawalan “di-“.
Pola :

                                                     be + Verb 3 (Past Participle)

Kalimat aktif diubah menjadi kalimat pasif dengan menjadikan “object” kalimat aktif itu sebagai “Subject” kalimat pasif tersebut. Berdasarkan hal itu jelaslah bahwa hanya kalimat yang memiliki “object” yang dapat diubah menjadi pasif.

Contoh :

        - Aktif : Vica bought fruits at the supermarket

        - Pasif : The fruits was purchased at the supermarket

Object pelaku kalimat pasif yang dalam bahasa inggris dinyatakan dengan kata “by …” jarang diucapkan, karena kalimat pasif cenderung untuk hanya mengemukakan aktifitas . object pelaku diucapkan/ditulis hanya bila memang diperlukan, sebagai kelengkapan arti kalimat pasif bersangkutan.

POLA KALIMAT PASIF

1. Simple Present Tense

-     Aktif

                                                              S + V1 + O

-          Pasif

S + is/am/are + V3 + ….

Contoh :

A : You play the very sweet music

P : The music is played very sweet.

2. Simple Past Tense

-     Aktif

S + V2 + O

-          Pasif

S + was/were + V3 + ….

Contoh :

A : You played the music very sweet

P : The music was played very sweet

3. Present Continuous Tense

-     Aktif

S + is/am/are + V-ing + O

-          Pasif

S + is/am/are + being + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You is playing the music very sweet

P : The music is being played very sweet

4. Past Continuous Tense

-     Aktif

S + was/were + V-ing + O

-          Pasif

S + was/were + being + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You was playing the music very sweet

P : You was being played very sweet

5. Present Perfect Tense

-     Aktif

S + has/have + V3 + O

-          Pasif

S + has/have + been + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You has played the music very sweet

P : You has been played music very sweet

6. Past Perfect Tense

-     Aktif

S + had + V3 + O

-          Pasif

S + had + been + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You had played the music very sweet

P : You had been played the music very sweet

7. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

-     Aktif

S + has/have + been + V-ing + O

-          Pasif

S + has/have + been + being + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You has been playing the music very sweet

P : You has been being played the music very sweet

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

-     Aktif

S + had + been + V-ing + O

-          Pasif

S + had + been + being + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You had been playing the music very sweet

P : You had been being played the music very sweet

9. Simple Future Tense

-     Aktif

S + will/shall +V1 + O

-          Pasif

S + will/shall + be + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You will play the music very sweet

P : You will be played the music very sweet

10. Past Future Tense

-     Aktif

S + would/should +V1 + O

-          Pasif

S + would/should + be + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You would play the music very sweet

P : You would be played the music very sweet

11. Future Perfect Tense

-    Aktif

S + will/shall + have + V3 + O

-          Pasif

S + will/shall + have + been + V3 + …

Contoh :

A : You will have played the music very sweet

P : You will have been played the music very sweet