Kalimat Pasif dan Kalimat Aktif
* kalimat
aktif
subject melakukan pekerjaan,
atau melakukan suatu perbuatan. Dengan ciri khas bahwa kata kerja yang
digunakan berawalan “me-“.
* kalimat
pasif
subject dalam kalimat tersebut
tidak melakukan pekerjaan/perbuatan, melainkan dikenai pekerjaan/perbuatan.
Dengan ciri khas bahwa kata kerja yang digunakan dalam kalimat tersebut
berawalan “di-“.
Pola :
be + Verb 3 (Past Participle)
Kalimat aktif diubah menjadi kalimat pasif dengan
menjadikan “object” kalimat aktif itu sebagai “Subject” kalimat pasif tersebut.
Berdasarkan hal itu jelaslah bahwa hanya kalimat yang memiliki “object” yang
dapat diubah menjadi pasif.
Contoh :
- Aktif : Vica bought fruits at the supermarket
- Pasif : The fruits was purchased at the
supermarket
Object pelaku kalimat pasif yang dalam bahasa
inggris dinyatakan dengan kata “by …” jarang diucapkan, karena kalimat pasif
cenderung untuk hanya mengemukakan aktifitas . object pelaku diucapkan/ditulis
hanya bila memang diperlukan, sebagai kelengkapan arti kalimat pasif
bersangkutan.
POLA KALIMAT PASIF
1. Simple Present Tense
- Aktif
S + V1 + O
-
Pasif
S + is/am/are + V3 + ….
Contoh :
A : You play the very sweet music
P : The music is played very sweet.
2. Simple Past Tense
- Aktif
S + V2 + O
-
Pasif
S + was/were + V3 + ….
Contoh :
A : You played the music very sweet
P : The music was played very sweet
3. Present Continuous Tense
- Aktif
S + is/am/are + V-ing + O
-
Pasif
S + is/am/are + being + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You is playing the music very sweet
P : The music is being played very sweet
4. Past Continuous Tense
- Aktif
S + was/were + V-ing + O
-
Pasif
S + was/were + being + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You was playing the music very sweet
P : You was being played very sweet
5. Present Perfect Tense
- Aktif
S + has/have + V3 + O
-
Pasif
S + has/have + been + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You has played the music very sweet
P : You has been played music very sweet
6. Past Perfect Tense
- Aktif
S + had + V3 + O
-
Pasif
S + had + been + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You had played the music very sweet
P : You had been played the music very sweet
7. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- Aktif
S + has/have + been + V-ing + O
-
Pasif
S + has/have + been + being + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You has been playing the music very sweet
P : You has been being played the music very
sweet
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
- Aktif
S + had + been + V-ing + O
-
Pasif
S + had + been + being + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You had been playing the music very sweet
P : You had been being played the music very
sweet
9. Simple Future Tense
- Aktif
S + will/shall +V1 + O
-
Pasif
S + will/shall + be + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You will play the music very sweet
P : You will be played the music very sweet
10. Past Future Tense
- Aktif
S + would/should +V1 + O
-
Pasif
S + would/should + be + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You would play the music very sweet
P : You would be played the music very sweet
11. Future Perfect Tense
- Aktif
S + will/shall + have + V3 + O
-
Pasif
S + will/shall + have + been + V3 + …
Contoh :
A : You will have played the music very sweet
P : You will have been played the music very
sweet
